Great Cities need Art
Galleries, Museums, Theatres, Cathedrals and Public Gardens to give expression
and direction to man's search for identity. It is the force of spirit which rises in
one form or another in all human association which motivated The Royal Horticultural
Society of Ireland in their representations to Dublin Corporation's Parks Department in
1963, requesting that a Public Rose Garden be designed in the City of Dublin.
The seed, so carefully sown at
this time, failed to germinate until The Clontarf Horticultural Society acting under the
same force raised the question again during 1970. On this occasion the
enthusiasm generated by the meeting of minds set off a train of events which led to the
planting of a Rose Garden at St. Anne's Park, Clontarf during 1974.
St. Anne's Park, which
provides a setting for the young Rose Garden covers 266 acres of landscaped grounds at
Clontarf was the former home of the Guinness family of Brewery fame. These grounds
were planted about 1880 along Reptonian lines using Holm Oak and Pine to provide shelter
from the sea winds and a background against which to view the lighter colours of Ash,
Beech, Oak, Elm, Chestnut and Lime.
The site selected for the Rose
Garden was a field in area of about 10 acres, which has provided space for four
football pitches since 1950. Its design advantages were, easy
accessibility from the public road at Mount Prospect Avenue, a perfect visual setting
by way of mature background trees consisting of Quercus ilex (Holm Oak), Pinus nigra
Austriaca (Austrian Pine), some Elm and dramatic groups of Tilia platyphyllos (Broad
leafed Lime). It's disadvantages were, exposure to the south west prevailing winds,
a rather thin poor top soil and a flatness of character which was ideal for football but
suggested monotony for land use requiring greater subtle and variation.
Based on the principle that a
Public Rose Garden has much in common with an Art Gallery in that each must have space
division and background colour, they must cater for public movement and circulation and
will be rendered more interesting by a variation in levels, a design was conceived.
To create the necessary
intricacy, variety, space division and unity and to overcome the overall flatness of the
site, a number of techniques were used in the design:-
1. About 10,000 cubic
yards of soil were excavated from a central area and placed around the perimeter of the
site, to form a sunken garden in the centre and sloping banks four feet in height on the
perimeter.
2. 2,000 plants of young
beech were planted on top of these banks and around the sunken area to form hedges which
will emphasise the division of space, provide background against which to view Roses and
to create shelter which will render the garden more agreeable for Rose culture and more
pleasant for visitors.
3. This space division
was further defined by the construction of Pergolas and Pillars used for the display of
Climbing and Rambling Roses.
The predominant background
colour on the site is the dark green of Quercus ilex (Holm Oak) and Pinus nigra Austriaca
(Austrian Pine), this has been reinforced by additional planting and the colour of
this material is relieved by existing groups of Tilia platyphyllos (Broad leafed Lime)
which have been extended to punctuate the skyline and mark the entrance points to the Rose
Garden. About 150 Lime trees have been planted with this purpose in mind.
To cater for the public
movement and circulation, some 4,500 square yards of paths have been laid, apart from
providing a dry hard wearing surface, the paths have a colour and texture which give
contrast to the design.
The Rose beds are set in a
surface of lawn grass and every type of Rose represented here. Old Shrub Roses,
Climbing and Rambling Roses, together with a selection of modern Hybrid Tea and Floribunda
Rose, 6,000 of these were planted since that time. This development is the latest in
a long tradition of good gardening at St. Anne's Park.
Follow
the St. Anne's Trail
Article courtesy of St. Anne's Park